If you have macular degeneration, a family history of AMD, or are in the "macular generation" (age 60 or above), you should be particularly attentive to controlling your risk factors.
Since AMD can be genetic, relatives should also follow these guidelines.
Stop smoking – the risk of AMD is at least 7 times higher for smokers
Eat a healthy diet high in fruits and vegetables, containing fish, and low in saturated fats
Control high blood pressure and cholesterol
Cardiovascular exercise – get some exercise and maintain healthy weight
Consider vitamin supplementation - a long-term study on age-related eye disease and vitamins found that a combination of antioxidants and zinc could reduce the progression of vision loss. Ask your doctor if vitamins are an appropriate treatment for you.
Protect your eyes from harmful sunlight – wear sunglasses and a hat or visor